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Architecture development method (ADM)

Process · Chapter 5

A step-by-step architecture design method built specifically for enterprise architectures, created from many practitioners’ contributions. It’s iterative as a whole, between phases, and within a phase — each pass is a chance to revisit scope, level of detail, schedules, and milestones.

  • The ADM is the core of The Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF), an enterprise-architecture framework providing the ADM plus supporting tools. TOGAF is maintained by The Open Group, a vendor-neutral industry consortium.
  • Architecture domains (BDAT): TOGAF defines four — Business, Data, Application, Technology architectures — all addressed across the ADM phases.
  • TOGAF documentation has seven parts: (I) Introduction, (II) the ADM itself, (III) ADM guidelines & techniques, (IV) architecture content framework, (V) enterprise continuum & tools (the architecture repository), (VI) reference models (e.g. TOGAF Foundation Architecture, III-RM), (VII) architecture capability framework.

A preliminary phase prepares the organization, then eight phases follow. Each phase continually checks that requirements are met; organizations can modify/extend the process and mix in other frameworks’ deliverables.

PhaseFocus
A – Architecture visionDefine the overall EA vision, capabilities, and business value; agree scope, goals, drivers, constraints, requirements, roles, scheduling. Deliverable: Statement of Architecture Work.
B – Business architectureTarget business architecture (a prerequisite for the other three domains). Steps: understand current state → refine/validate target state → find the gap → build a transition roadmap.
C – Information systems architecturesThe data and application domains. Use vision + business outputs to determine needed changes; do the same current-vs-target gap analysis and roadmap.
D – Technology architectureInfrastructure (hardware/software) supporting business, data, and application architectures. Assess current capabilities vs target, find the gap, roadmap the target and candidate components.
E – Opportunities and solutionsMove from conceptual target toward implementation. Consolidate the B/C/D roadmaps into one overall roadmap; organize candidate solutions into work packages; identify transition architectures for incremental delivery.
F – Migration planningTurn the roadmap and work packages into an implementation plan; work with project/program management to assign work to existing or new projects using existing change processes.
G – Implementation governanceRuns in parallel with implementation (using the org’s existing dev process). Keep architects engaged — assist and review development to ensure the build achieves the vision.
H – Architecture change managementAlso parallel to implementation. Handle issues and proposed changes via the org’s change management, keeping the architecture aligned with requirements and stakeholder expectations.
  • Software Architect’s Handbook (Packt, 2018), Ch.5 “Architecture development method (ADM)”, pp. 368-382.